The project involves two parts: 1) Novel, cleaner processes for extraction & recovery of Critical Metals and/or Removal of Hazardous Elements from Industrial Wastewaters using highly Recyclable Smart (Switchable) polymers; and 2) Recovery of Critical Metals and/or Removal of Hazardous Elements from industrial waste solids via Innovative Flotation Technologies (this is also an industry sponsored project). This project focuses on applied research concerning several innovative technology ideas, including new chemicals and new equipment. We expect the student to work on either of the parts depending upon prevailing conditions during May-July (particularly Covid related),